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Goodwill<00:00:01.410><c> Community</c><00:00:01.890><c> Foundation</c><00:00:02.520><c> creating</c>

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Goodwill Community Foundation creating
 

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Goodwill Community Foundation creating
opportunities<00:00:03.600><c> for</c><00:00:03.810><c> a</c><00:00:03.870><c> better</c><00:00:03.899><c> life</c>

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there<00:00:11.430><c> are</c><00:00:11.640><c> two</c><00:00:11.820><c> main</c><00:00:12.060><c> types</c><00:00:12.360><c> of</c><00:00:12.510><c> cell</c>

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there are two main types of cell
 

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there are two main types of cell
in<00:00:13.400><c> Excel</c><00:00:13.730><c> relative</c><00:00:14.630><c> and</c><00:00:14.840><c> absolute</c><00:00:15.400><c> both</c>

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in Excel relative and absolute both
 

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in Excel relative and absolute both
behave<00:00:16.760><c> differently</c><00:00:17.180><c> when</c><00:00:17.270><c> copied</c><00:00:17.840><c> to</c><00:00:17.960><c> other</c>

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behave differently when copied to other
 

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behave differently when copied to other
cells<00:00:18.470><c> either</c><00:00:18.920><c> as</c><00:00:19.280><c> part</c><00:00:19.520><c> of</c><00:00:19.580><c> a</c><00:00:19.640><c> formula</c><00:00:19.940><c> or</c><00:00:20.300><c> a</c>

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cells either as part of a formula or a
 

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cells either as part of a formula or a
function<00:00:21.460><c> relative</c><00:00:22.460><c> references</c><00:00:22.939><c> are</c><00:00:23.119><c> the</c>

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function relative references are the
 

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function relative references are the
default<00:00:23.660><c> and</c><00:00:23.900><c> probably</c><00:00:24.529><c> the</c><00:00:24.650><c> type</c><00:00:24.830><c> you're</c>

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default and probably the type you're
 

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default and probably the type you're
going<00:00:25.040><c> to</c><00:00:25.250><c> use</c><00:00:25.369><c> for</c><00:00:25.640><c> most</c><00:00:25.730><c> of</c><00:00:25.939><c> your</c><00:00:26.060><c> formulas</c>

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going to use for most of your formulas
 

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going to use for most of your formulas
in<00:00:26.779><c> this</c><00:00:27.650><c> example</c><00:00:28.010><c> I</c><00:00:28.310><c> need</c><00:00:28.640><c> to</c><00:00:28.760><c> know</c><00:00:28.880><c> the</c><00:00:29.029><c> total</c>

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in this example I need to know the total
 

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in this example I need to know the total
cost<00:00:29.570><c> of</c><00:00:29.810><c> each</c><00:00:30.020><c> menu</c><00:00:30.410><c> item</c><00:00:30.680><c> on</c><00:00:30.770><c> the</c><00:00:30.829><c> invoice</c><00:00:31.240><c> to</c>

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cost of each menu item on the invoice to
 

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cost of each menu item on the invoice to
do<00:00:32.390><c> this</c><00:00:32.570><c> I'll</c><00:00:32.810><c> need</c><00:00:33.170><c> to</c><00:00:33.320><c> multiply</c><00:00:33.440><c> the</c><00:00:33.800><c> values</c>

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do this I'll need to multiply the values
 

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do this I'll need to multiply the values
in<00:00:34.520><c> these</c><00:00:34.730><c> two</c><00:00:35.090><c> cells</c><00:00:35.890><c> I'll</c><00:00:36.890><c> just</c><00:00:37.310><c> enter</c><00:00:37.640><c> my</c>

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in these two cells I'll just enter my
 

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in these two cells I'll just enter my
formula<00:00:38.210><c> here</c><00:00:38.770><c> start</c><00:00:39.770><c> by</c><00:00:39.890><c> typing</c><00:00:40.130><c> the</c><00:00:40.370><c> equal</c>

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formula here start by typing the equal
 

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formula here start by typing the equal
sign<00:00:40.970><c> and</c><00:00:41.230><c> then</c><00:00:42.230><c> the</c><00:00:42.290><c> formula</c><00:00:42.410><c> will</c><00:00:43.040><c> be</c><00:00:43.070><c> B</c><00:00:43.489><c> 4</c>

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sign and then the formula will be B 4
 

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sign and then the formula will be B 4
times<00:00:45.490><c> C</c><00:00:46.490><c> 4</c><00:00:47.080><c> when</c><00:00:48.080><c> you're</c><00:00:48.230><c> done</c><00:00:48.410><c> press</c><00:00:48.860><c> ENTER</c>

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times C 4 when you're done press ENTER
 

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times C 4 when you're done press ENTER
on<00:00:49.280><c> your</c><00:00:49.460><c> keyboard</c><00:00:51.220><c> now</c><00:00:52.220><c> if</c><00:00:52.370><c> I</c><00:00:52.490><c> use</c><00:00:52.520><c> the</c><00:00:52.700><c> fill</c>

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on your keyboard now if I use the fill
 

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on your keyboard now if I use the fill
handle<00:00:53.300><c> to</c><00:00:53.510><c> copy</c><00:00:53.690><c> this</c><00:00:54.110><c> formula</c><00:00:54.410><c> to</c><00:00:54.620><c> all</c><00:00:54.920><c> of</c>

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handle to copy this formula to all of
 

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handle to copy this formula to all of
these<00:00:55.310><c> cells</c><00:00:56.560><c> we</c><00:00:57.560><c> can</c><00:00:57.740><c> double</c><00:00:58.040><c> click</c><00:00:58.070><c> each</c>

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these cells we can double click each
 

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these cells we can double click each
copy<00:00:58.760><c> and</c><00:00:59.120><c> see</c><00:00:59.420><c> that</c><00:00:59.570><c> the</c><00:00:59.690><c> cell</c><00:00:59.870><c> references</c>

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copy and see that the cell references
 

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copy and see that the cell references
have<00:01:00.590><c> changed</c><00:01:01.010><c> automatically</c><00:01:01.660><c> so</c><00:01:02.660><c> we</c><00:01:02.810><c> have</c><00:01:02.990><c> b5</c>

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have changed automatically so we have b5
 

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have changed automatically so we have b5
b6<00:01:06.130><c> b7</c><00:01:07.130><c> and</c><00:01:07.759><c> so</c><00:01:08.299><c> on</c><00:01:09.100><c> that's</c><00:01:10.100><c> because</c><00:01:10.610><c> these</c><00:01:10.850><c> are</c>

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b6 b7 and so on that's because these are
 

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b6 b7 and so on that's because these are
relative<00:01:11.509><c> references</c><00:01:12.079><c> in</c><00:01:12.320><c> other</c><00:01:13.100><c> words</c><00:01:13.340><c> when</c>

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relative references in other words when
 

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relative references in other words when
Excel<00:01:14.119><c> looks</c><00:01:14.329><c> at</c><00:01:14.479><c> our</c><00:01:14.540><c> original</c><00:01:15.049><c> formula</c><00:01:15.350><c> what</c>

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Excel looks at our original formula what
 

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Excel looks at our original formula what
it<00:01:16.070><c> actually</c><00:01:16.610><c> sees</c><00:01:16.850><c> is</c><00:01:17.090><c> the</c><00:01:17.330><c> location</c><00:01:17.690><c> of</c><00:01:17.930><c> the</c>

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it actually sees is the location of the
 

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it actually sees is the location of the
cells<00:01:18.320><c> relative</c><00:01:19.040><c> to</c><00:01:19.190><c> the</c><00:01:19.310><c> location</c><00:01:19.610><c> of</c><00:01:19.909><c> the</c>

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cells relative to the location of the
 

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cells relative to the location of the
formula<00:01:20.450><c> that</c><00:01:20.800><c> means</c><00:01:21.800><c> in</c><00:01:21.980><c> this</c><00:01:22.100><c> case</c><00:01:22.340><c> it's</c>

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formula that means in this case it's
 

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formula that means in this case it's
looking<00:01:23.150><c> at</c><00:01:23.270><c> the</c><00:01:23.300><c> two</c><00:01:23.540><c> cells</c><00:01:23.840><c> to</c><00:01:24.110><c> the</c><00:01:24.200><c> left</c><00:01:24.230><c> of</c>

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looking at the two cells to the left of
 

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looking at the two cells to the left of
our<00:01:24.620><c> current</c><00:01:24.950><c> location</c><00:01:25.040><c> and</c><00:01:25.580><c> those</c><00:01:26.210><c> just</c>

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our current location and those just
 

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our current location and those just
happen<00:01:26.570><c> to</c><00:01:26.900><c> be</c><00:01:27.050><c> b4</c><00:01:27.590><c> and</c><00:01:27.800><c> c4</c><00:01:28.960><c> each</c><00:01:29.960><c> copy</c><00:01:30.350><c> is</c><00:01:30.620><c> also</c>

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happen to be b4 and c4 each copy is also
 

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happen to be b4 and c4 each copy is also
looking<00:01:31.190><c> at</c><00:01:31.460><c> the</c><00:01:31.550><c> two</c><00:01:31.700><c> cells</c><00:01:31.970><c> to</c><00:01:32.210><c> the</c><00:01:32.300><c> left</c><00:01:32.479><c> of</c>

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looking at the two cells to the left of
 

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looking at the two cells to the left of
the<00:01:32.720><c> formula</c><00:01:33.040><c> this</c><00:01:34.040><c> technique</c><00:01:34.460><c> is</c><00:01:34.610><c> useful</c>

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the formula this technique is useful
 

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the formula this technique is useful
because<00:01:35.270><c> it</c><00:01:35.510><c> means</c><00:01:35.540><c> we</c><00:01:35.870><c> can</c><00:01:36.020><c> copy</c><00:01:36.260><c> the</c><00:01:36.470><c> formula</c>

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because it means we can copy the formula
 

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because it means we can copy the formula
as<00:01:37.070><c> we</c><00:01:37.340><c> did</c><00:01:37.490><c> here</c><00:01:37.520><c> and</c><00:01:38.000><c> the</c><00:01:38.240><c> cell</c><00:01:38.450><c> references</c>

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as we did here and the cell references
 

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as we did here and the cell references
will<00:01:39.140><c> sort</c><00:01:39.409><c> of</c><00:01:39.470><c> move</c><00:01:39.710><c> along</c><00:01:39.860><c> with</c><00:01:40.190><c> it</c>

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will sort of move along with it
 

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will sort of move along with it
the<00:01:41.360><c> references</c><00:01:41.840><c> don't</c><00:01:42.080><c> even</c><00:01:42.290><c> have</c><00:01:42.440><c> to</c><00:01:42.590><c> be</c><00:01:42.710><c> in</c>

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the references don't even have to be in
 

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the references don't even have to be in
the<00:01:42.920><c> same</c><00:01:43.130><c> row</c><00:01:43.370><c> they</c><00:01:43.820><c> can</c><00:01:44.000><c> be</c><00:01:44.090><c> anywhere</c><00:01:44.450><c> in</c><00:01:44.600><c> the</c>

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the same row they can be anywhere in the
 

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the same row they can be anywhere in the
sheet<00:01:46.810><c> there</c><00:01:47.810><c> may</c><00:01:47.990><c> be</c><00:01:48.020><c> times</c><00:01:48.409><c> when</c><00:01:48.530><c> you</c><00:01:48.770><c> don't</c>

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sheet there may be times when you don't
 

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sheet there may be times when you don't
want<00:01:49.070><c> the</c><00:01:49.310><c> cell</c><00:01:49.490><c> references</c><00:01:50.000><c> to</c><00:01:50.150><c> change</c><00:01:50.450><c> take</c>

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want the cell references to change take
 

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want the cell references to change take
this<00:01:51.470><c> version</c><00:01:51.740><c> of</c><00:01:51.950><c> the</c><00:01:52.070><c> invoice</c><00:01:52.370><c> I've</c><00:01:52.840><c> added</c><00:01:53.840><c> a</c>

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this version of the invoice I've added a
 

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this version of the invoice I've added a
column<00:01:54.260><c> where</c><00:01:54.680><c> we</c><00:01:54.830><c> can</c><00:01:54.979><c> list</c><00:01:55.159><c> the</c><00:01:55.310><c> sales</c><00:01:55.549><c> tax</c>

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column where we can list the sales tax
 

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column where we can list the sales tax
for<00:01:56.060><c> each</c><00:01:56.240><c> item</c><00:01:56.600><c> we</c><00:01:57.470><c> should</c><00:01:57.710><c> be</c><00:01:57.860><c> able</c><00:01:57.979><c> to</c><00:01:58.100><c> enter</c>

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for each item we should be able to enter
 

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for each item we should be able to enter
our<00:01:58.610><c> formula</c><00:01:59.030><c> here</c><00:01:59.110><c> then</c><00:02:00.110><c> copy</c><00:02:00.440><c> it</c><00:02:00.590><c> to</c><00:02:00.740><c> the</c>

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our formula here then copy it to the
 

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our formula here then copy it to the
rest<00:02:01.070><c> of</c><00:02:01.190><c> the</c><00:02:01.310><c> list</c><00:02:01.990><c> to</c><00:02:02.990><c> get</c><00:02:03.170><c> started</c><00:02:03.590><c> I'm</c>

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rest of the list to get started I'm
 

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rest of the list to get started I'm
going<00:02:04.040><c> to</c><00:02:04.130><c> enter</c><00:02:04.310><c> B</c><00:02:04.820><c> 4</c><00:02:05.210><c> times</c><00:02:05.780><c> C</c><00:02:06.320><c> 4</c><00:02:06.650><c> in</c>

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going to enter B 4 times C 4 in
 

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going to enter B 4 times C 4 in
parentheses<00:02:08.409><c> then</c><00:02:09.409><c> I'm</c><00:02:09.590><c> going</c><00:02:09.830><c> to</c><00:02:09.890><c> multiply</c>

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parentheses then I'm going to multiply
 

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parentheses then I'm going to multiply
by<00:02:10.640><c> cell</c><00:02:10.909><c> e2</c><00:02:11.180><c> which</c><00:02:11.989><c> contains</c><00:02:12.409><c> our</c><00:02:12.530><c> tax</c><00:02:12.830><c> rate</c>

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by cell e2 which contains our tax rate
 

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by cell e2 which contains our tax rate
at<00:02:13.360><c> 7.5%</c>

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at 7.5%
 

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at 7.5%
which<00:02:15.049><c> is</c><00:02:15.230><c> the</c><00:02:15.379><c> same</c><00:02:15.560><c> as</c><00:02:15.709><c> point</c><00:02:15.980><c> 0</c><00:02:16.250><c> 7</c><00:02:16.549><c> 5</c><00:02:18.519><c> next</c>

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which is the same as point 0 7 5 next
 

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which is the same as point 0 7 5 next
I'll<00:02:19.700><c> use</c><00:02:19.760><c> the</c><00:02:20.000><c> fill</c><00:02:20.330><c> handle</c><00:02:20.540><c> to</c><00:02:20.780><c> copy</c><00:02:20.900><c> the</c>

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I'll use the fill handle to copy the
 

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I'll use the fill handle to copy the
formula<00:02:21.770><c> to</c><00:02:21.920><c> the</c><00:02:21.950><c> rest</c><00:02:22.250><c> of</c><00:02:22.370><c> these</c><00:02:22.520><c> cells</c>

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formula to the rest of these cells
 

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formula to the rest of these cells
but<00:02:25.060><c> wait</c><00:02:25.239><c> that</c><00:02:25.540><c> doesn't</c><00:02:25.900><c> look</c><00:02:26.170><c> right</c><00:02:26.230><c> at</c><00:02:26.560><c> all</c>

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but wait that doesn't look right at all
 

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but wait that doesn't look right at all
it's<00:02:27.280><c> even</c><00:02:27.670><c> affecting</c><00:02:28.090><c> the</c><00:02:28.180><c> formulas</c><00:02:28.629><c> in</c><00:02:28.659><c> the</c>

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it's even affecting the formulas in the
 

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it's even affecting the formulas in the
rest<00:02:29.019><c> of</c><00:02:29.170><c> the</c><00:02:29.260><c> worksheet</c><00:02:30.030><c> the</c><00:02:31.030><c> first</c><00:02:31.299><c> copy</c><00:02:31.569><c> of</c>

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rest of the worksheet the first copy of
 

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rest of the worksheet the first copy of
our<00:02:31.900><c> formula</c><00:02:32.319><c> is</c><00:02:32.439><c> correct</c><00:02:32.650><c> because</c><00:02:33.189><c> it's</c>

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our formula is correct because it's
 

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our formula is correct because it's
multiplying<00:02:34.060><c> by</c><00:02:34.329><c> e2</c><00:02:34.569><c> which</c><00:02:35.200><c> contains</c><00:02:35.590><c> our</c><00:02:35.709><c> tax</c>

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multiplying by e2 which contains our tax
 

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multiplying by e2 which contains our tax
rate<00:02:36.250><c> but</c><00:02:37.090><c> as</c><00:02:37.239><c> we</c><00:02:37.390><c> go</c><00:02:37.569><c> down</c><00:02:37.750><c> the</c><00:02:37.900><c> list</c><00:02:38.109><c> we</c><00:02:38.590><c> can</c>

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rate but as we go down the list we can
 

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rate but as we go down the list we can
see<00:02:38.799><c> that</c><00:02:39.069><c> the</c><00:02:39.189><c> reference</c><00:02:39.549><c> is</c><00:02:39.670><c> moving</c><00:02:40.180><c> in</c>

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see that the reference is moving in
 

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see that the reference is moving in
relation<00:02:40.569><c> to</c><00:02:40.900><c> the</c><00:02:41.109><c> cells</c><00:02:41.379><c> which</c><00:02:41.859><c> isn't</c><00:02:42.280><c> what</c>

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relation to the cells which isn't what
 

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relation to the cells which isn't what
we<00:02:42.579><c> want</c><00:02:43.019><c> we</c><00:02:44.019><c> want</c><00:02:44.230><c> it</c><00:02:44.319><c> to</c><00:02:44.439><c> stay</c><00:02:44.650><c> frozen</c><00:02:44.950><c> on</c><00:02:45.340><c> e</c><00:02:45.370><c> 2</c>

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we want we want it to stay frozen on e 2
 

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we want we want it to stay frozen on e 2
for<00:02:46.090><c> each</c><00:02:46.269><c> copy</c><00:02:46.569><c> of</c><00:02:46.810><c> the</c><00:02:46.930><c> formula</c><00:02:47.200><c> and</c><00:02:47.530><c> for</c>

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for each copy of the formula and for
 

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for each copy of the formula and for
that<00:02:48.250><c> we'll</c><00:02:48.609><c> need</c><00:02:48.790><c> to</c><00:02:48.939><c> use</c><00:02:48.970><c> an</c><00:02:49.269><c> absolute</c>

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that we'll need to use an absolute
 

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that we'll need to use an absolute
reference<00:02:51.989><c> absolute</c><00:02:53.400><c> references</c><00:02:54.400><c> have</c><00:02:54.549><c> a</c>

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reference absolute references have a
 

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reference absolute references have a
dollar<00:02:54.909><c> sign</c><00:02:55.209><c> placed</c><00:02:55.629><c> before</c><00:02:56.019><c> the</c><00:02:56.139><c> column</c><00:02:56.560><c> row</c>

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dollar sign placed before the column row
 

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dollar sign placed before the column row
or<00:02:57.250><c> both</c><00:02:57.609><c> to</c><00:02:58.030><c> keep</c><00:02:58.209><c> them</c><00:02:58.389><c> from</c><00:02:58.569><c> changing</c><00:02:59.049><c> when</c>

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or both to keep them from changing when
 

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or both to keep them from changing when
you<00:02:59.290><c> copy</c><00:02:59.530><c> the</c><00:02:59.739><c> formula</c><00:03:00.129><c> to</c><00:03:00.310><c> another</c><00:03:00.579><c> cell</c><00:03:01.319><c> to</c>

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you copy the formula to another cell to
 

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you copy the formula to another cell to
keep<00:03:02.500><c> the</c><00:03:02.650><c> column</c><00:03:02.980><c> and</c><00:03:03.159><c> the</c><00:03:03.340><c> row</c><00:03:03.370><c> from</c>

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keep the column and the row from
 

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keep the column and the row from
changing<00:03:04.180><c> place</c><00:03:04.599><c> a</c><00:03:04.629><c> dollar</c><00:03:04.959><c> sign</c><00:03:05.230><c> in</c><00:03:05.290><c> front</c><00:03:05.470><c> of</c>

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changing place a dollar sign in front of
 

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changing place a dollar sign in front of
both<00:03:06.780><c> to</c><00:03:07.780><c> keep</c><00:03:07.959><c> only</c><00:03:08.139><c> the</c><00:03:08.349><c> row</c><00:03:08.500><c> from</c><00:03:08.650><c> changing</c>

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both to keep only the row from changing
 

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both to keep only the row from changing
place<00:03:09.579><c> a</c><00:03:09.609><c> dollar</c><00:03:09.879><c> sign</c><00:03:10.150><c> in</c><00:03:10.209><c> front</c><00:03:10.510><c> of</c><00:03:10.599><c> the</c><00:03:10.720><c> row</c>

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place a dollar sign in front of the row
 

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place a dollar sign in front of the row
only<00:03:12.180><c> to</c><00:03:13.180><c> keep</c><00:03:13.359><c> only</c><00:03:13.510><c> the</c><00:03:13.750><c> column</c><00:03:14.079><c> from</c>

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only to keep only the column from
 

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only to keep only the column from
changing<00:03:14.680><c> place</c><00:03:15.159><c> a</c><00:03:15.189><c> dollar</c><00:03:15.459><c> sign</c><00:03:15.730><c> in</c><00:03:15.790><c> front</c><00:03:16.090><c> of</c>

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changing place a dollar sign in front of
 

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changing place a dollar sign in front of
the<00:03:16.269><c> column</c><00:03:17.340><c> most</c><00:03:18.340><c> of</c><00:03:18.519><c> the</c><00:03:18.609><c> time</c><00:03:18.819><c> you'll</c><00:03:19.180><c> be</c>

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the column most of the time you'll be
 

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the column most of the time you'll be
using<00:03:19.510><c> the</c><00:03:19.750><c> first</c><00:03:19.989><c> type</c><00:03:20.290><c> of</c><00:03:20.319><c> absolute</c>

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using the first type of absolute
 

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using the first type of absolute
reference<00:03:21.220><c> the</c><00:03:21.639><c> one</c><00:03:21.819><c> where</c><00:03:21.970><c> there's</c><00:03:22.120><c> a</c><00:03:22.180><c> dollar</c>

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reference the one where there's a dollar
 

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reference the one where there's a dollar
sign<00:03:22.629><c> before</c><00:03:22.840><c> the</c><00:03:23.049><c> column</c><00:03:23.139><c> and</c><00:03:23.680><c> the</c><00:03:23.889><c> row</c><00:03:26.519><c> let's</c>

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sign before the column and the row let's
 

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sign before the column and the row let's
go<00:03:27.700><c> back</c><00:03:27.909><c> to</c><00:03:28.120><c> our</c><00:03:28.150><c> example</c><00:03:28.299><c> and</c><00:03:28.840><c> add</c><00:03:29.139><c> dollar</c>

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go back to our example and add dollar
 

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go back to our example and add dollar
signs<00:03:29.769><c> before</c><00:03:29.979><c> the</c><00:03:30.250><c> column</c><00:03:30.639><c> and</c><00:03:30.760><c> the</c><00:03:31.030><c> row</c><00:03:31.060><c> to</c>

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signs before the column and the row to
 

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signs before the column and the row to
make<00:03:31.720><c> e</c><00:03:31.900><c> to</c><00:03:32.260><c> an</c><00:03:32.530><c> absolute</c><00:03:33.099><c> reference</c><00:03:35.790><c> now</c><00:03:36.790><c> if</c>

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make e to an absolute reference now if
 

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make e to an absolute reference now if
we<00:03:37.120><c> copy</c><00:03:37.359><c> the</c><00:03:37.569><c> formula</c><00:03:37.599><c> to</c><00:03:38.139><c> the</c><00:03:38.229><c> rest</c><00:03:38.409><c> of</c><00:03:38.530><c> this</c>

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we copy the formula to the rest of this
 

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we copy the formula to the rest of this
list<00:03:40.139><c> the</c><00:03:41.139><c> errors</c><00:03:41.500><c> go</c><00:03:41.680><c> away</c><00:03:41.949><c> and</c><00:03:42.190><c> we're</c><00:03:42.489><c> left</c>

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list the errors go away and we're left
 

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list the errors go away and we're left
with<00:03:42.819><c> the</c><00:03:42.909><c> correct</c><00:03:43.209><c> sales</c><00:03:43.510><c> tax</c><00:03:43.810><c> for</c><00:03:44.079><c> each</c><00:03:44.199><c> item</c>

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with the correct sales tax for each item
 

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with the correct sales tax for each item
the<00:03:45.609><c> relative</c><00:03:46.090><c> reference</c><00:03:46.449><c> is</c><00:03:46.599><c> different</c><00:03:46.989><c> in</c>

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the relative reference is different in
 

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the relative reference is different in
each<00:03:47.199><c> cell</c><00:03:47.470><c> but</c><00:03:47.889><c> the</c><00:03:48.010><c> e</c><00:03:48.040><c> to</c><00:03:48.430><c> reference</c><00:03:48.909><c> our</c>

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each cell but the e to reference our
 

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each cell but the e to reference our
absolute<00:03:49.780><c> reference</c><00:03:50.199><c> stays</c><00:03:50.650><c> the</c><00:03:50.889><c> same</c>

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absolute reference stays the same
 

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absolute reference stays the same
finally<00:03:53.799><c> I'd</c><00:03:54.040><c> like</c><00:03:54.099><c> to</c><00:03:54.370><c> show</c><00:03:54.639><c> you</c><00:03:54.699><c> how</c><00:03:54.879><c> to</c>

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finally I'd like to show you how to
 

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finally I'd like to show you how to
create<00:03:55.180><c> cell</c><00:03:55.569><c> references</c><00:03:56.109><c> across</c><00:03:56.560><c> different</c>

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create cell references across different
 

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create cell references across different
worksheets<00:03:57.430><c> in</c><00:03:57.579><c> the</c><00:03:57.699><c> same</c><00:03:57.879><c> workbook</c><00:03:58.229><c> this</c><00:03:59.229><c> can</c>

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worksheets in the same workbook this can
 

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worksheets in the same workbook this can
be<00:03:59.560><c> useful</c><00:03:59.739><c> if</c><00:04:00.069><c> you</c><00:04:00.220><c> want</c><00:04:00.370><c> to</c><00:04:00.459><c> create</c><00:04:00.699><c> a</c>

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be useful if you want to create a
 

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be useful if you want to create a
formula<00:04:01.060><c> on</c><00:04:01.359><c> one</c><00:04:01.629><c> worksheet</c><00:04:02.109><c> that</c><00:04:02.290><c> references</c>

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formula on one worksheet that references
 

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formula on one worksheet that references
a<00:04:02.979><c> value</c><00:04:03.340><c> from</c><00:04:03.519><c> another</c><00:04:04.139><c> it</c><00:04:05.139><c> works</c><00:04:05.379><c> the</c><00:04:05.560><c> same</c>

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a value from another it works the same
 

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a value from another it works the same
as<00:04:05.919><c> a</c><00:04:05.949><c> normal</c><00:04:06.190><c> reference</c><00:04:06.519><c> you</c><00:04:07.180><c> just</c><00:04:07.419><c> have</c><00:04:07.569><c> to</c>

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as a normal reference you just have to
 

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as a normal reference you just have to
include<00:04:07.989><c> the</c><00:04:08.139><c> name</c><00:04:08.349><c> of</c><00:04:08.379><c> the</c><00:04:08.590><c> worksheet</c><00:04:08.769><c> along</c>

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include the name of the worksheet along
 

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include the name of the worksheet along
with<00:04:09.459><c> the</c><00:04:09.579><c> cell</c><00:04:09.760><c> address</c><00:04:10.199><c> so</c><00:04:11.199><c> to</c><00:04:11.260><c> get</c><00:04:11.439><c> started</c>

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with the cell address so to get started
 

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with the cell address so to get started
figure<00:04:12.340><c> out</c><00:04:12.489><c> what</c><00:04:12.729><c> cell</c><00:04:12.970><c> you</c><00:04:13.090><c> want</c><00:04:13.269><c> to</c><00:04:13.359><c> use</c>

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figure out what cell you want to use
 

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figure out what cell you want to use
then<00:04:14.500><c> take</c><00:04:14.769><c> note</c><00:04:14.949><c> of</c><00:04:15.069><c> its</c><00:04:15.220><c> location</c><00:04:15.760><c> in</c><00:04:15.939><c> this</c>

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then take note of its location in this
 

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then take note of its location in this
example<00:04:17.199><c> we're</c><00:04:17.680><c> going</c><00:04:17.859><c> to</c><00:04:17.949><c> use</c><00:04:18.099><c> cell</c><00:04:18.400><c> e14</c><00:04:19.120><c> on</c>

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example we're going to use cell e14 on
 

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example we're going to use cell e14 on
the<00:04:19.900><c> worksheet</c><00:04:20.289><c> menu</c><00:04:20.650><c> order</c>

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the worksheet menu order
 

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the worksheet menu order
next<00:04:23.380><c> switch</c><00:04:23.770><c> to</c><00:04:23.830><c> the</c><00:04:24.009><c> worksheet</c><00:04:24.100><c> where</c><00:04:24.699><c> you</c>

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next switch to the worksheet where you
 

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next switch to the worksheet where you
want<00:04:24.970><c> to</c><00:04:25.060><c> use</c><00:04:25.090><c> the</c><00:04:25.389><c> reference</c><00:04:25.780><c> as</c><00:04:26.160><c> you</c><00:04:27.160><c> can</c><00:04:27.340><c> see</c>

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want to use the reference as you can see
 

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want to use the reference as you can see
I<00:04:27.759><c> already</c><00:04:28.120><c> have</c><00:04:28.479><c> a</c><00:04:28.509><c> formula</c><00:04:29.050><c> that's</c>

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I already have a formula that's
 

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I already have a formula that's
calculating<00:04:29.860><c> the</c><00:04:29.979><c> total</c><00:04:30.190><c> of</c><00:04:30.550><c> all</c><00:04:30.759><c> these</c>

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calculating the total of all these
 

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calculating the total of all these
services<00:04:31.000><c> I</c><00:04:31.690><c> just</c><00:04:32.380><c> need</c><00:04:32.530><c> to</c><00:04:32.650><c> add</c><00:04:32.770><c> the</c><00:04:32.919><c> total</c>

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services I just need to add the total
 

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services I just need to add the total
for<00:04:33.370><c> the</c><00:04:33.460><c> menu</c><00:04:33.639><c> order</c><00:04:34.000><c> in</c><00:04:34.150><c> this</c><00:04:34.449><c> cell</c><00:04:34.720><c> here</c><00:04:36.150><c> to</c>

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for the menu order in this cell here to
 

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for the menu order in this cell here to
reference<00:04:37.539><c> the</c><00:04:37.690><c> cell</c><00:04:37.960><c> type</c><00:04:38.470><c> the</c><00:04:38.620><c> name</c><00:04:38.830><c> of</c><00:04:38.860><c> the</c>

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reference the cell type the name of the
 

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reference the cell type the name of the
worksheet<00:04:39.340><c> first</c><00:04:40.889><c> then</c><00:04:41.889><c> an</c><00:04:42.100><c> exclamation</c>

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worksheet first then an exclamation
 

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worksheet first then an exclamation
point

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point
 

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point
and<00:04:43.919><c> finally</c><00:04:44.919><c> the</c><00:04:45.160><c> cell</c><00:04:45.400><c> address</c><00:04:45.580><c> if</c><00:04:46.410><c> the</c>

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and finally the cell address if the
 

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and finally the cell address if the
worksheet<00:04:47.800><c> name</c><00:04:47.949><c> includes</c><00:04:48.370><c> a</c><00:04:48.520><c> space</c><00:04:48.789><c> like</c><00:04:49.060><c> in</c>

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worksheet name includes a space like in
 

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worksheet name includes a space like in
this<00:04:49.360><c> example</c><00:04:49.720><c> you'll</c><00:04:50.259><c> need</c><00:04:50.440><c> to</c><00:04:50.560><c> add</c><00:04:50.680><c> single</c>

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this example you'll need to add single
 

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this example you'll need to add single
quotation<00:04:51.490><c> marks</c><00:04:51.970><c> around</c><00:04:52.060><c> the</c><00:04:52.330><c> name</c><00:04:53.160><c> when</c>

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quotation marks around the name when
 

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quotation marks around the name when
you're<00:04:54.280><c> done</c><00:04:54.490><c> press</c><00:04:54.789><c> ENTER</c><00:04:55.270><c> and</c><00:04:55.479><c> Excel</c><00:04:56.440><c> will</c>

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you're done press ENTER and Excel will
 

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you're done press ENTER and Excel will
pull<00:04:57.100><c> the</c><00:04:57.250><c> value</c><00:04:57.580><c> from</c><00:04:57.760><c> the</c><00:04:57.880><c> other</c><00:04:57.910><c> worksheet</c>

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pull the value from the other worksheet
 

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pull the value from the other worksheet
that<00:04:58.830><c> means</c><00:04:59.830><c> if</c><00:05:00.130><c> cell</c><00:05:00.370><c> e14</c><00:05:00.910><c> ever</c><00:05:01.330><c> changes</c><00:05:01.870><c> on</c>

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that means if cell e14 ever changes on
 

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that means if cell e14 ever changes on
the<00:05:02.110><c> menu</c><00:05:02.320><c> order</c><00:05:02.500><c> worksheet</c><00:05:03.039><c> it'll</c><00:05:03.490><c> be</c>

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the menu order worksheet it'll be
 

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the menu order worksheet it'll be
updated<00:05:04.060><c> here</c><00:05:04.240><c> to</c><00:05:05.820><c> mastering</c><00:05:06.820><c> cell</c>

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updated here to mastering cell
 

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updated here to mastering cell
references<00:05:07.570><c> is</c><00:05:07.780><c> the</c><00:05:07.960><c> key</c><00:05:08.139><c> to</c><00:05:08.320><c> creating</c>

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references is the key to creating
 

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references is the key to creating
formulas<00:05:09.130><c> that</c><00:05:09.160><c> work</c><00:05:09.490><c> for</c><00:05:09.729><c> you</c><00:05:09.880><c> and</c><00:05:10.120><c> your</c><00:05:10.360><c> data</c>

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formulas that work for you and your data
 

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formulas that work for you and your data
now<00:05:11.590><c> you</c><00:05:11.650><c> know</c><00:05:11.919><c> how</c><00:05:12.070><c> to</c><00:05:12.100><c> use</c><00:05:12.280><c> relative</c>

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now you know how to use relative
 

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now you know how to use relative
references<00:05:13.169><c> absolute</c><00:05:14.169><c> references</c><00:05:14.710><c> and</c>

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references absolute references and
 

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references absolute references and
references<00:05:15.789><c> across</c><00:05:16.150><c> multiple</c><00:05:16.510><c> worksheets</c>

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you