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Goodwill<00:00:02.159><c> Community</c><00:00:02.639><c> Foundation</c><00:00:03.300><c> creating</c>

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Goodwill Community Foundation creating
 

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Goodwill Community Foundation creating
opportunities<00:00:04.350><c> for</c><00:00:04.560><c> a</c><00:00:04.620><c> better</c><00:00:04.649><c> life</c><00:00:08.540><c> there</c>

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opportunities for a better life there
 

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opportunities for a better life there
are<00:00:09.750><c> two</c><00:00:09.929><c> main</c><00:00:10.170><c> types</c><00:00:10.200><c> of</c><00:00:10.620><c> cell</c><00:00:10.860><c> references</c><00:00:11.070><c> in</c>

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are two main types of cell references in
 

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are two main types of cell references in
Excel<00:00:11.880><c> relative</c><00:00:12.750><c> and</c><00:00:12.960><c> absolute</c><00:00:13.490><c> both</c><00:00:14.490><c> behave</c>

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Excel relative and absolute both behave
 

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Excel relative and absolute both behave
differently<00:00:15.299><c> when</c><00:00:15.389><c> copied</c><00:00:15.929><c> to</c><00:00:16.080><c> other</c><00:00:16.230><c> cells</c>

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differently when copied to other cells
 

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differently when copied to other cells
either<00:00:17.039><c> as</c><00:00:17.400><c> part</c><00:00:17.640><c> of</c><00:00:17.699><c> a</c><00:00:17.760><c> formula</c><00:00:18.060><c> or</c><00:00:18.420><c> a</c>

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either as part of a formula or a
 

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either as part of a formula or a
function<00:00:19.580><c> relative</c><00:00:20.580><c> references</c><00:00:21.060><c> are</c><00:00:21.240><c> the</c>

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function relative references are the
 

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function relative references are the
default<00:00:21.779><c> and</c><00:00:22.019><c> probably</c><00:00:22.650><c> the</c><00:00:22.769><c> type</c><00:00:22.949><c> you're</c>

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default and probably the type you're
 

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default and probably the type you're
going<00:00:23.160><c> to</c><00:00:23.369><c> use</c><00:00:23.490><c> for</c><00:00:23.730><c> most</c><00:00:23.880><c> of</c><00:00:24.060><c> your</c><00:00:24.180><c> formulas</c>

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going to use for most of your formulas
 

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going to use for most of your formulas
in<00:00:24.840><c> this</c><00:00:25.769><c> example</c><00:00:26.130><c> I</c><00:00:26.429><c> need</c><00:00:26.519><c> to</c><00:00:26.880><c> know</c><00:00:27.000><c> the</c><00:00:27.150><c> total</c>

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in this example I need to know the total
 

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in this example I need to know the total
cost<00:00:27.689><c> of</c><00:00:27.929><c> each</c><00:00:28.140><c> menu</c><00:00:28.529><c> item</c><00:00:28.800><c> on</c><00:00:28.890><c> the</c><00:00:28.949><c> invoice</c><00:00:29.369><c> to</c>

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cost of each menu item on the invoice to
 

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cost of each menu item on the invoice to
do<00:00:30.480><c> this</c><00:00:30.689><c> I'll</c><00:00:30.929><c> need</c><00:00:31.259><c> to</c><00:00:31.439><c> multiply</c><00:00:31.619><c> the</c><00:00:31.890><c> values</c>

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do this I'll need to multiply the values
 

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do this I'll need to multiply the values
in<00:00:32.640><c> these</c><00:00:32.880><c> two</c><00:00:33.210><c> cells</c><00:00:34.100><c> I'll</c><00:00:35.100><c> just</c><00:00:35.430><c> enter</c><00:00:35.760><c> my</c>

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in these two cells I'll just enter my
 

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in these two cells I'll just enter my
formula<00:00:36.330><c> here</c><00:00:36.890><c> start</c><00:00:37.890><c> by</c><00:00:38.010><c> typing</c><00:00:38.250><c> the</c><00:00:38.490><c> equal</c>

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formula here start by typing the equal
 

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formula here start by typing the equal
sign<00:00:39.090><c> and</c><00:00:39.350><c> then</c><00:00:40.350><c> the</c><00:00:40.410><c> formula</c><00:00:40.530><c> will</c><00:00:41.160><c> be</c><00:00:41.190><c> B</c><00:00:41.580><c> 4</c>

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sign and then the formula will be B 4
 

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sign and then the formula will be B 4
times<00:00:43.610><c> C</c><00:00:44.610><c> 4</c><00:00:45.470><c> when</c><00:00:46.470><c> you're</c><00:00:46.620><c> done</c>

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times C 4 when you're done
 

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times C 4 when you're done
press<00:00:47.250><c> ENTER</c><00:00:47.640><c> on</c><00:00:47.670><c> your</c><00:00:47.850><c> keyboard</c><00:00:49.580><c> now</c><00:00:50.580><c> if</c><00:00:50.760><c> I</c>

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press ENTER on your keyboard now if I
 

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press ENTER on your keyboard now if I
use<00:00:50.880><c> the</c><00:00:51.240><c> fill</c><00:00:51.450><c> handle</c><00:00:51.480><c> to</c><00:00:51.870><c> copy</c><00:00:52.200><c> this</c><00:00:52.500><c> formula</c>

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use the fill handle to copy this formula
 

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use the fill handle to copy this formula
to<00:00:52.980><c> all</c><00:00:53.280><c> of</c><00:00:53.550><c> these</c><00:00:53.700><c> cells</c><00:00:54.920><c> we</c><00:00:55.920><c> can</c><00:00:56.100><c> double</c>

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to all of these cells we can double
 

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to all of these cells we can double
click<00:00:56.460><c> each</c><00:00:56.850><c> copy</c><00:00:57.150><c> and</c><00:00:57.480><c> see</c><00:00:57.780><c> that</c><00:00:57.960><c> the</c><00:00:58.050><c> cell</c>

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click each copy and see that the cell
 

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click each copy and see that the cell
references<00:00:58.740><c> have</c><00:00:58.980><c> changed</c><00:00:59.370><c> automatically</c><00:01:00.050><c> so</c>

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references have changed automatically so
 

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references have changed automatically so
we<00:01:01.200><c> have</c><00:01:01.350><c> b5</c><00:01:02.780><c> b6</c><00:01:04.519><c> b7</c><00:01:05.519><c> and</c><00:01:06.120><c> so</c><00:01:06.660><c> on</c><00:01:07.520><c> that's</c>

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we have b5 b6 b7 and so on that's
 

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we have b5 b6 b7 and so on that's
because<00:01:09.000><c> these</c><00:01:09.210><c> are</c><00:01:09.270><c> relative</c><00:01:09.900><c> references</c><00:01:10.110><c> in</c>

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because these are relative references in
 

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because these are relative references in
other<00:01:11.460><c> words</c><00:01:11.730><c> when</c><00:01:12.180><c> Excel</c><00:01:12.480><c> looks</c><00:01:12.720><c> at</c><00:01:12.840><c> our</c>

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other words when Excel looks at our
 

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other words when Excel looks at our
original<00:01:13.440><c> formula</c><00:01:13.740><c> what</c><00:01:14.370><c> it</c><00:01:14.460><c> actually</c><00:01:15.000><c> sees</c>

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original formula what it actually sees
 

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original formula what it actually sees
is<00:01:15.450><c> the</c><00:01:15.720><c> location</c><00:01:16.080><c> of</c><00:01:16.320><c> the</c><00:01:16.440><c> cells</c><00:01:16.680><c> relative</c><00:01:17.430><c> to</c>

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is the location of the cells relative to
 

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is the location of the cells relative to
the<00:01:17.670><c> location</c><00:01:18.150><c> of</c><00:01:18.300><c> the</c><00:01:18.420><c> formula</c><00:01:18.860><c> that</c><00:01:19.860><c> means</c>

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the location of the formula that means
 

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the location of the formula that means
in<00:01:20.370><c> this</c><00:01:20.490><c> case</c><00:01:20.550><c> it's</c><00:01:21.060><c> looking</c><00:01:21.510><c> at</c><00:01:21.630><c> the</c><00:01:21.660><c> two</c>

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in this case it's looking at the two
 

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in this case it's looking at the two
cells<00:01:22.230><c> to</c><00:01:22.470><c> the</c><00:01:22.560><c> left</c><00:01:22.770><c> of</c><00:01:22.920><c> our</c><00:01:23.010><c> current</c>

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cells to the left of our current
 

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cells to the left of our current
location<00:01:23.430><c> and</c><00:01:24.000><c> those</c><00:01:24.570><c> just</c><00:01:24.870><c> happen</c><00:01:25.200><c> to</c><00:01:25.290><c> be</c><00:01:25.410><c> b4</c>

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location and those just happen to be b4
 

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location and those just happen to be b4
and<00:01:26.190><c> c4</c><00:01:27.350><c> each</c><00:01:28.350><c> copy</c><00:01:28.740><c> is</c><00:01:29.010><c> also</c><00:01:29.430><c> looking</c><00:01:29.550><c> at</c><00:01:29.820><c> the</c>

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and c4 each copy is also looking at the
 

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and c4 each copy is also looking at the
two<00:01:30.060><c> cells</c><00:01:30.330><c> to</c><00:01:30.570><c> the</c><00:01:30.659><c> left</c><00:01:30.870><c> of</c><00:01:31.020><c> the</c><00:01:31.110><c> formula</c>

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two cells to the left of the formula
 

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two cells to the left of the formula
this<00:01:32.430><c> technique</c><00:01:32.850><c> is</c><00:01:33.000><c> useful</c><00:01:33.240><c> because</c><00:01:33.600><c> it</c>

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this technique is useful because it
 

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this technique is useful because it
means<00:01:33.900><c> we</c><00:01:34.230><c> can</c><00:01:34.260><c> copy</c><00:01:34.650><c> the</c><00:01:34.830><c> formula</c><00:01:35.250><c> as</c><00:01:35.430><c> we</c><00:01:35.700><c> did</c>

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means we can copy the formula as we did
 

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means we can copy the formula as we did
here<00:01:35.909><c> and</c><00:01:36.360><c> the</c><00:01:36.630><c> cell</c><00:01:36.810><c> references</c><00:01:37.290><c> will</c><00:01:37.500><c> sort</c>

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here and the cell references will sort
 

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here and the cell references will sort
of<00:01:37.860><c> move</c><00:01:38.070><c> along</c><00:01:38.370><c> with</c><00:01:38.550><c> it</c><00:01:38.900><c> the</c><00:01:39.900><c> references</c>

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of move along with it the references
 

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of move along with it the references
don't<00:01:40.560><c> even</c><00:01:40.830><c> have</c><00:01:40.980><c> to</c><00:01:41.130><c> be</c><00:01:41.220><c> in</c><00:01:41.340><c> the</c><00:01:41.460><c> same</c><00:01:41.670><c> row</c>

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don't even have to be in the same row
 

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don't even have to be in the same row
they<00:01:42.360><c> can</c><00:01:42.510><c> be</c><00:01:42.630><c> anywhere</c><00:01:42.960><c> in</c><00:01:43.110><c> the</c><00:01:43.200><c> sheet</c><00:01:45.350><c> there</c>

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they can be anywhere in the sheet there
 

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they can be anywhere in the sheet there
may<00:01:46.530><c> be</c><00:01:46.560><c> times</c><00:01:46.920><c> when</c><00:01:47.159><c> you</c><00:01:47.280><c> don't</c><00:01:47.460><c> want</c><00:01:47.700><c> the</c>

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may be times when you don't want the
 

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may be times when you don't want the
cell<00:01:48.030><c> references</c><00:01:48.510><c> to</c><00:01:48.659><c> change</c><00:01:48.960><c> take</c><00:01:49.830><c> this</c>

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cell references to change take this
 

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cell references to change take this
version<00:01:50.250><c> of</c><00:01:50.490><c> the</c><00:01:50.610><c> invoice</c><00:01:50.940><c> I've</c><00:01:51.350><c> added</c><00:01:52.350><c> a</c>

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version of the invoice I've added a
 

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version of the invoice I've added a
column<00:01:52.770><c> where</c><00:01:53.220><c> we</c><00:01:53.340><c> can</c><00:01:53.490><c> list</c><00:01:53.700><c> the</c><00:01:53.820><c> sales</c><00:01:54.060><c> tax</c>

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column where we can list the sales tax
 

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column where we can list the sales tax
for<00:01:54.600><c> each</c><00:01:54.750><c> item</c><00:01:55.110><c> we</c><00:01:56.010><c> should</c><00:01:56.220><c> be</c><00:01:56.400><c> able</c><00:01:56.490><c> to</c><00:01:56.640><c> enter</c>

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for each item we should be able to enter
 

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for each item we should be able to enter
our<00:01:57.120><c> formula</c><00:01:57.570><c> here</c><00:01:57.930><c> then</c><00:01:58.650><c> copy</c><00:01:58.979><c> it</c><00:01:59.100><c> to</c><00:01:59.280><c> the</c>

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our formula here then copy it to the
 

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our formula here then copy it to the
rest<00:01:59.580><c> of</c><00:01:59.729><c> the</c><00:01:59.820><c> list</c><00:02:00.530><c> to</c><00:02:01.530><c> get</c><00:02:01.680><c> started</c><00:02:02.130><c> I'm</c>

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rest of the list to get started I'm
 

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rest of the list to get started I'm
going<00:02:02.549><c> to</c><00:02:02.670><c> enter</c><00:02:02.850><c> B</c><00:02:03.330><c> 4</c><00:02:03.720><c> times</c><00:02:04.290><c> C</c><00:02:04.830><c> 4</c><00:02:05.159><c> in</c>

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going to enter B 4 times C 4 in
 

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going to enter B 4 times C 4 in
parentheses<00:02:06.979><c> then</c><00:02:07.979><c> I'm</c><00:02:08.129><c> going</c><00:02:08.340><c> to</c><00:02:08.429><c> multiply</c>

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parentheses then I'm going to multiply
 

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parentheses then I'm going to multiply
by<00:02:09.179><c> cell</c><00:02:09.420><c> e2</c><00:02:09.690><c> which</c><00:02:10.500><c> contains</c><00:02:10.920><c> our</c><00:02:11.039><c> tax</c><00:02:11.340><c> rate</c>

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by cell e2 which contains our tax rate
 

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by cell e2 which contains our tax rate
at<00:02:11.870><c> 7.5%</c><00:02:12.870><c> which</c><00:02:13.590><c> is</c><00:02:13.740><c> the</c><00:02:13.890><c> same</c><00:02:14.069><c> as</c>

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at 7.5% which is the same as
 

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at 7.5% which is the same as
point<00:02:14.489><c> zero</c><00:02:14.760><c> seven</c><00:02:15.209><c> five</c><00:02:16.819><c> next</c><00:02:17.819><c> I'll</c><00:02:18.209><c> use</c><00:02:18.480><c> the</c>

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point zero seven five next I'll use the
 

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point zero seven five next I'll use the
fill<00:02:18.870><c> handle</c><00:02:19.080><c> to</c><00:02:19.290><c> copy</c><00:02:19.590><c> the</c><00:02:19.860><c> formula</c><00:02:20.280><c> to</c><00:02:20.459><c> the</c>

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fill handle to copy the formula to the
 

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fill handle to copy the formula to the
rest<00:02:20.760><c> of</c><00:02:20.880><c> these</c><00:02:21.060><c> cells</c><00:02:22.010><c> but</c><00:02:23.010><c> wait</c><00:02:23.220><c> that</c>

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rest of these cells but wait that
 

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rest of these cells but wait that
doesn't<00:02:24.030><c> look</c><00:02:24.120><c> right</c><00:02:24.180><c> at</c><00:02:24.510><c> all</c><00:02:24.630><c> it's</c><00:02:25.349><c> even</c>

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doesn't look right at all it's even
 

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doesn't look right at all it's even
affecting<00:02:26.160><c> the</c><00:02:26.280><c> formulas</c><00:02:26.700><c> in</c><00:02:26.849><c> the</c><00:02:26.910><c> rest</c><00:02:27.120><c> of</c>

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affecting the formulas in the rest of
 

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affecting the formulas in the rest of
the<00:02:27.330><c> worksheet</c><00:02:28.130><c> the</c><00:02:29.130><c> first</c><00:02:29.370><c> copy</c><00:02:29.670><c> of</c><00:02:29.849><c> our</c>

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the worksheet the first copy of our
 

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the worksheet the first copy of our
formula<00:02:30.390><c> is</c><00:02:30.420><c> correct</c><00:02:30.750><c> because</c><00:02:31.470><c> it's</c>

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formula is correct because it's
 

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formula is correct because it's
multiplying<00:02:32.160><c> by</c><00:02:32.400><c> e2</c><00:02:32.640><c> which</c><00:02:33.269><c> contains</c><00:02:33.690><c> our</c><00:02:33.810><c> tax</c>

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multiplying by e2 which contains our tax
 

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multiplying by e2 which contains our tax
rate<00:02:34.349><c> but</c><00:02:35.190><c> as</c><00:02:35.310><c> we</c><00:02:35.489><c> go</c><00:02:35.640><c> down</c><00:02:35.849><c> the</c><00:02:36.000><c> list</c><00:02:36.209><c> we</c><00:02:36.660><c> can</c>

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rate but as we go down the list we can
 

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rate but as we go down the list we can
see<00:02:36.870><c> that</c><00:02:37.200><c> the</c><00:02:37.290><c> reference</c><00:02:37.440><c> is</c><00:02:37.769><c> moving</c><00:02:38.280><c> in</c>

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see that the reference is moving in
 

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see that the reference is moving in
relation<00:02:38.670><c> to</c><00:02:39.090><c> the</c><00:02:39.209><c> cells</c><00:02:39.450><c> which</c><00:02:39.930><c> isn't</c><00:02:40.380><c> what</c>

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relation to the cells which isn't what
 

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relation to the cells which isn't what
we<00:02:40.650><c> want</c><00:02:41.120><c> we</c><00:02:42.120><c> want</c><00:02:42.330><c> it</c><00:02:42.420><c> to</c><00:02:42.540><c> stay</c><00:02:42.750><c> frozen</c><00:02:43.019><c> on</c><00:02:43.410><c> e2</c>

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we want we want it to stay frozen on e2
 

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we want we want it to stay frozen on e2
for<00:02:43.860><c> each</c><00:02:44.370><c> copy</c><00:02:44.640><c> of</c><00:02:44.880><c> the</c><00:02:45.000><c> formula</c><00:02:45.269><c> and</c><00:02:45.630><c> for</c>

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for each copy of the formula and for
 

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for each copy of the formula and for
that<00:02:46.319><c> we'll</c><00:02:46.709><c> need</c><00:02:46.860><c> to</c><00:02:46.920><c> use</c><00:02:47.190><c> an</c><00:02:47.370><c> absolute</c>

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that we'll need to use an absolute
 

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that we'll need to use an absolute
reference<00:02:50.209><c> absolute</c><00:02:51.500><c> references</c><00:02:52.500><c> have</c><00:02:52.650><c> a</c>

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reference absolute references have a
 

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reference absolute references have a
dollar<00:02:52.980><c> sign</c><00:02:53.310><c> placed</c><00:02:53.700><c> before</c><00:02:53.940><c> the</c><00:02:54.239><c> column</c><00:02:54.630><c> row</c>

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dollar sign placed before the column row
 

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dollar sign placed before the column row
or<00:02:55.350><c> both</c><00:02:55.680><c> to</c><00:02:56.130><c> keep</c><00:02:56.280><c> them</c><00:02:56.489><c> from</c><00:02:56.640><c> changing</c><00:02:57.120><c> when</c>

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or both to keep them from changing when
 

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or both to keep them from changing when
you<00:02:57.390><c> copy</c><00:02:57.630><c> the</c><00:02:57.810><c> formula</c><00:02:58.230><c> to</c><00:02:58.260><c> another</c><00:02:58.680><c> cell</c><00:02:59.420><c> to</c>

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you copy the formula to another cell to
 

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you copy the formula to another cell to
keep<00:03:00.569><c> the</c><00:03:00.720><c> column</c><00:03:01.049><c> and</c><00:03:01.260><c> the</c><00:03:01.440><c> row</c><00:03:01.470><c> from</c>

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keep the column and the row from
 

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keep the column and the row from
changing<00:03:02.250><c> place</c><00:03:02.700><c> a</c><00:03:02.730><c> dollar</c><00:03:03.030><c> sign</c><00:03:03.330><c> in</c><00:03:03.510><c> front</c><00:03:03.540><c> of</c>

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changing place a dollar sign in front of
 

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changing place a dollar sign in front of
both<00:03:04.849><c> to</c><00:03:05.849><c> keep</c><00:03:06.030><c> only</c><00:03:06.209><c> the</c><00:03:06.420><c> row</c><00:03:06.569><c> from</c><00:03:06.780><c> changing</c>

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both to keep only the row from changing
 

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both to keep only the row from changing
place<00:03:07.650><c> a</c><00:03:07.680><c> dollar</c><00:03:07.980><c> sign</c><00:03:08.250><c> in</c><00:03:08.310><c> front</c><00:03:08.610><c> of</c><00:03:08.670><c> the</c><00:03:08.819><c> row</c>

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place a dollar sign in front of the row
 

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place a dollar sign in front of the row
only<00:03:10.250><c> to</c><00:03:11.250><c> keep</c><00:03:11.430><c> only</c><00:03:11.610><c> the</c><00:03:11.819><c> column</c><00:03:12.150><c> from</c>

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only to keep only the column from
 

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only to keep only the column from
changing<00:03:12.750><c> place</c><00:03:13.230><c> a</c><00:03:13.260><c> dollar</c><00:03:13.530><c> sign</c><00:03:13.830><c> in</c><00:03:13.980><c> front</c><00:03:14.010><c> of</c>

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changing place a dollar sign in front of
 

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changing place a dollar sign in front of
the<00:03:14.370><c> column</c><00:03:15.440><c> most</c><00:03:16.440><c> of</c><00:03:16.620><c> the</c><00:03:16.680><c> time</c><00:03:16.920><c> you'll</c><00:03:17.280><c> be</c>

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the column most of the time you'll be
 

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the column most of the time you'll be
using<00:03:17.610><c> the</c><00:03:17.849><c> first</c><00:03:18.090><c> type</c><00:03:18.359><c> of</c><00:03:18.510><c> absolute</c>

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using the first type of absolute
 

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using the first type of absolute
reference<00:03:19.320><c> the</c><00:03:19.739><c> one</c><00:03:19.890><c> where</c><00:03:20.070><c> there's</c><00:03:20.220><c> a</c><00:03:20.280><c> dollar</c>

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reference the one where there's a dollar
 

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reference the one where there's a dollar
sign<00:03:20.730><c> before</c><00:03:20.940><c> the</c><00:03:21.120><c> column</c><00:03:21.209><c> and</c><00:03:21.780><c> the</c><00:03:21.959><c> row</c><00:03:24.620><c> let's</c>

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sign before the column and the row let's
 

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sign before the column and the row let's
go<00:03:25.799><c> back</c><00:03:26.010><c> to</c><00:03:26.190><c> our</c><00:03:26.310><c> example</c><00:03:26.400><c> and</c><00:03:26.940><c> add</c><00:03:27.239><c> dollar</c>

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go back to our example and add dollar
 

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go back to our example and add dollar
signs<00:03:27.840><c> before</c><00:03:28.230><c> the</c><00:03:28.320><c> column</c><00:03:28.709><c> and</c><00:03:28.890><c> the</c><00:03:29.100><c> row</c><00:03:29.130><c> to</c>

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signs before the column and the row to
 

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signs before the column and the row to
make<00:03:29.670><c> e</c><00:03:29.970><c> to</c><00:03:30.359><c> an</c><00:03:30.600><c> absolute</c><00:03:31.170><c> reference</c><00:03:33.079><c> now</c><00:03:34.079><c> if</c>

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make e to an absolute reference now if
 

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make e to an absolute reference now if
we<00:03:34.410><c> copy</c><00:03:34.650><c> the</c><00:03:34.859><c> formula</c><00:03:34.890><c> to</c><00:03:35.430><c> the</c><00:03:35.459><c> rest</c><00:03:35.700><c> of</c><00:03:35.850><c> this</c>

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we copy the formula to the rest of this
 

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we copy the formula to the rest of this
list<00:03:37.430><c> the</c><00:03:38.430><c> errors</c><00:03:38.790><c> go</c><00:03:38.970><c> away</c><00:03:39.239><c> and</c><00:03:39.480><c> we're</c><00:03:39.780><c> left</c>

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list the errors go away and we're left
 

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list the errors go away and we're left
with<00:03:40.109><c> the</c><00:03:40.200><c> correct</c><00:03:40.500><c> sales</c><00:03:40.799><c> tax</c><00:03:41.100><c> for</c><00:03:41.310><c> each</c><00:03:41.489><c> item</c>

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with the correct sales tax for each item
 

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with the correct sales tax for each item
the<00:03:42.350><c> relative</c><00:03:43.350><c> reference</c><00:03:43.709><c> is</c><00:03:43.859><c> different</c><00:03:44.280><c> in</c>

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the relative reference is different in
 

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the relative reference is different in
each<00:03:44.489><c> cell</c><00:03:44.760><c> but</c><00:03:45.180><c> the</c><00:03:45.299><c> e</c><00:03:45.329><c> to</c><00:03:45.720><c> reference</c><00:03:46.200><c> our</c>

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each cell but the e to reference our
 

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each cell but the e to reference our
absolute<00:03:47.069><c> reference</c><00:03:47.489><c> stays</c><00:03:47.940><c> the</c><00:03:48.180><c> same</c>

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finally<00:03:51.299><c> I'd</c><00:03:51.569><c> like</c><00:03:51.840><c> to</c><00:03:51.989><c> show</c><00:03:52.139><c> you</c><00:03:52.200><c> how</c><00:03:52.410><c> to</c>

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finally I'd like to show you how to
 

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finally I'd like to show you how to
create<00:03:52.709><c> cell</c><00:03:53.100><c> references</c><00:03:53.639><c> across</c><00:03:54.060><c> different</c>

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create cell references across different
 

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create cell references across different
worksheets<00:03:54.930><c> in</c><00:03:55.109><c> the</c><00:03:55.200><c> same</c><00:03:55.410><c> workbook</c><00:03:55.700><c> this</c><00:03:56.700><c> can</c>

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worksheets in the same workbook this can
 

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worksheets in the same workbook this can
be<00:03:57.090><c> useful</c><00:03:57.269><c> if</c><00:03:57.600><c> you</c><00:03:57.750><c> want</c><00:03:57.870><c> to</c><00:03:58.019><c> create</c><00:03:58.200><c> a</c>

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be useful if you want to create a
 

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be useful if you want to create a
formula<00:03:58.590><c> on</c><00:03:58.859><c> one</c><00:03:59.160><c> worksheet</c><00:03:59.609><c> that</c><00:03:59.790><c> references</c>

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formula on one worksheet that references
 

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formula on one worksheet that references
a<00:04:00.480><c> value</c><00:04:00.870><c> from</c><00:04:01.049><c> another</c><00:04:01.670><c> it</c><00:04:02.670><c> works</c><00:04:02.910><c> the</c><00:04:03.090><c> same</c>

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a value from another it works the same
 

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a value from another it works the same
as<00:04:03.329><c> a</c><00:04:03.450><c> normal</c><00:04:03.870><c> reference</c><00:04:04.049><c> you</c><00:04:04.709><c> just</c><00:04:04.920><c> have</c><00:04:05.100><c> to</c>

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as a normal reference you just have to
 

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as a normal reference you just have to
include<00:04:05.489><c> the</c><00:04:05.670><c> name</c><00:04:05.850><c> of</c><00:04:05.880><c> the</c><00:04:06.090><c> worksheet</c><00:04:06.299><c> along</c>

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include the name of the worksheet along
 

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include the name of the worksheet along
with<00:04:06.989><c> the</c><00:04:07.079><c> cell</c><00:04:07.260><c> address</c><00:04:07.790><c> so</c><00:04:08.790><c> to</c><00:04:08.850><c> get</c><00:04:09.030><c> started</c>

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with the cell address so to get started
 

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with the cell address so to get started
figure<00:04:09.930><c> out</c><00:04:10.079><c> what</c><00:04:10.290><c> cell</c><00:04:10.530><c> you</c><00:04:10.680><c> want</c><00:04:10.859><c> to</c><00:04:10.950><c> use</c>

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figure out what cell you want to use
 

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figure out what cell you want to use
then<00:04:12.299><c> take</c><00:04:12.540><c> note</c><00:04:12.720><c> of</c><00:04:12.840><c> its</c><00:04:12.989><c> location</c><00:04:13.560><c> in</c><00:04:13.739><c> this</c>

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then take note of its location in this
 

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then take note of its location in this
example<00:04:14.970><c> we're</c><00:04:15.480><c> going</c><00:04:15.630><c> to</c><00:04:15.690><c> use</c><00:04:15.780><c> cell</c><00:04:16.200><c> e14</c>

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example we're going to use cell e14
 

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example we're going to use cell e14
on<00:04:17.400><c> the</c><00:04:17.669><c> worksheet</c><00:04:18.090><c> menu</c><00:04:18.419><c> order</c><00:04:19.940><c> next</c><00:04:20.940><c> switch</c>

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on the worksheet menu order next switch
 

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on the worksheet menu order next switch
to<00:04:21.759><c> the</c><00:04:21.849><c> worksheet</c><00:04:22.270><c> where</c><00:04:22.479><c> you</c><00:04:22.569><c> want</c><00:04:22.749><c> to</c><00:04:22.840><c> use</c>

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to the worksheet where you want to use
 

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to the worksheet where you want to use
the<00:04:23.199><c> reference</c><00:04:23.560><c> as</c><00:04:23.939><c> you</c><00:04:24.939><c> can</c><00:04:25.120><c> see</c><00:04:25.330><c> I</c><00:04:25.539><c> already</c>

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the reference as you can see I already
 

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the reference as you can see I already
have<00:04:26.139><c> a</c><00:04:26.289><c> formula</c><00:04:26.830><c> that's</c><00:04:27.039><c> calculating</c><00:04:27.639><c> the</c>

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have a formula that's calculating the
 

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have a formula that's calculating the
total<00:04:27.969><c> of</c><00:04:28.330><c> all</c><00:04:28.509><c> these</c><00:04:28.749><c> services</c><00:04:28.810><c> I</c><00:04:29.499><c> just</c><00:04:30.189><c> need</c>

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total of all these services I just need
 

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total of all these services I just need
to<00:04:30.430><c> add</c><00:04:30.550><c> the</c><00:04:30.699><c> total</c><00:04:30.849><c> for</c><00:04:31.150><c> the</c><00:04:31.240><c> menu</c><00:04:31.479><c> order</c><00:04:31.779><c> in</c>

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to add the total for the menu order in
 

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to add the total for the menu order in
this<00:04:32.199><c> cell</c><00:04:32.499><c> here</c><00:04:33.930><c> to</c><00:04:34.930><c> reference</c><00:04:35.319><c> the</c><00:04:35.499><c> cell</c>

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this cell here to reference the cell
 

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this cell here to reference the cell
type<00:04:36.249><c> the</c><00:04:36.279><c> name</c><00:04:36.639><c> of</c><00:04:36.819><c> the</c><00:04:36.909><c> worksheet</c><00:04:37.120><c> first</c>

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type the name of the worksheet first
 

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type the name of the worksheet first
then<00:04:39.669><c> an</c><00:04:39.879><c> exclamation</c><00:04:40.330><c> point</c>

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then an exclamation point
 

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then an exclamation point
and<00:04:41.729><c> finally</c><00:04:42.729><c> the</c><00:04:42.939><c> cell</c><00:04:43.180><c> address</c><00:04:43.389><c> if</c><00:04:44.189><c> the</c>

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and finally the cell address if the
 

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and finally the cell address if the
worksheet<00:04:45.580><c> name</c><00:04:45.759><c> includes</c><00:04:46.150><c> a</c><00:04:46.300><c> space</c><00:04:46.569><c> like</c><00:04:46.840><c> in</c>

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worksheet name includes a space like in
 

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worksheet name includes a space like in
this<00:04:47.139><c> example</c><00:04:47.529><c> you'll</c><00:04:48.039><c> need</c><00:04:48.219><c> to</c><00:04:48.340><c> add</c><00:04:48.490><c> single</c>

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this example you'll need to add single
 

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this example you'll need to add single
quotation<00:04:49.479><c> marks</c><00:04:49.749><c> around</c><00:04:49.870><c> the</c><00:04:50.110><c> name</c><00:04:50.939><c> when</c>

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quotation marks around the name when
 

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quotation marks around the name when
you're<00:04:52.060><c> done</c><00:04:52.270><c> press</c><00:04:52.569><c> ENTER</c><00:04:53.080><c> and</c><00:04:53.490><c> Excel</c><00:04:54.490><c> will</c>

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you're done press ENTER and Excel will
 

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you're done press ENTER and Excel will
pull<00:04:55.150><c> the</c><00:04:55.300><c> value</c><00:04:55.629><c> from</c><00:04:55.779><c> the</c><00:04:55.930><c> other</c><00:04:55.960><c> worksheet</c>

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pull the value from the other worksheet
 

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pull the value from the other worksheet
that<00:04:57.580><c> means</c><00:04:57.879><c> if</c><00:04:58.180><c> cell</c><00:04:58.419><c> e14</c><00:04:58.960><c> ever</c><00:04:59.379><c> changes</c><00:04:59.919><c> on</c>

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that means if cell e14 ever changes on
 

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that means if cell e14 ever changes on
the<00:05:00.159><c> menu</c><00:05:00.370><c> order</c><00:05:00.550><c> worksheet</c><00:05:01.060><c> it</c><00:05:01.300><c> will</c><00:05:01.539><c> be</c>

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the menu order worksheet it will be
 

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the menu order worksheet it will be
updated<00:05:01.810><c> here</c><00:05:02.289><c> to</c><00:05:03.870><c> mastering</c><00:05:04.870><c> cell</c>

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updated here to mastering cell
 

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updated here to mastering cell
references<00:05:05.620><c> is</c><00:05:05.830><c> the</c><00:05:06.009><c> key</c><00:05:06.219><c> to</c><00:05:06.370><c> creating</c>

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references is the key to creating
 

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references is the key to creating
formulas<00:05:07.180><c> that</c><00:05:07.210><c> work</c><00:05:07.539><c> for</c><00:05:07.779><c> you</c><00:05:07.930><c> and</c><00:05:08.169><c> your</c><00:05:08.409><c> data</c>

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formulas that work for you and your data
 

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formulas that work for you and your data
now<00:05:09.639><c> you</c><00:05:09.699><c> know</c><00:05:09.969><c> how</c><00:05:10.120><c> to</c><00:05:10.150><c> use</c><00:05:10.330><c> relative</c>

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now you know how to use relative
 

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now you know how to use relative
references<00:05:11.250><c> absolute</c><00:05:12.250><c> references</c><00:05:12.759><c> and</c>

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references absolute references and
 

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references absolute references and
references<00:05:13.839><c> across</c><00:05:14.199><c> multiple</c><00:05:14.560><c> worksheets</c>

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references across multiple worksheets
 

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references across multiple worksheets
you